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An increase in L likewise occurs as a result of a change in any factor that exogenously changes the public's loan demand, such as a modification in actual or expected economic conditions that affects the willingness of the public to borrow.
Dutkowsky and VanHoose (2017, 2018) emphasize that effects of exogenous changes on equilibrium variables such as retail loans differ between regimes, quantitatively and at times even qualitatively.
Second, in both (8a) and (8b), the quantity of loans supplied is positively affected by exogenous changes in deposit supply and the IORR.
Third, the effect of an exogenous change in one of these variables for the F = 0 and X > 0 regime can be obtained by replacing the resource-cost parameter for wholesale loans ( ) in the expression for the corresponding effect within the X = 0 and F > 0 regime with the resource- cost parameter for excess reserves (ϕ).
The findings reveal that exogenous changes in deposit supply have a greater effect on retail loans within the X = 0, F > 0 regime.
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